HFMD on the Rise in Malaysia: Top Prevention Tips to Keep Your Family Safe

Hand Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) prevention tips are most effective when parents understand how the virus spreads and who it affects. HFMD is a common viral illness that mainly affects infants and children under the age of 10. Though it is usually mild, the disease is highly contagious and can spread quickly in places like childcare centers and schools.

HFMD cases raised in Malaysia

According to Ministry of Health Malaysia (MOH) on 12 May 2025, a total of 99,601 HFMD cases were reported compared to 27,236 cases for the same period last year, an increase of 266%. The five states that recorded the highest number of cases were Selangor with 27,118 cases (27.2%), followed by Johor with 9,864 cases (9.9%), Perak with 9,347 cases (9.4%), Kelantan with 7,147 (7.2%) and the Federal Territories of KL and Putrajaya with 6,850 cases (6.9%).

How HFMD Spreads

The virus responsible for HFMD can be transmitted in several ways. Infection occurs when someone comes into direct contact with body fluids of an infected individual, including:

• Nose and throat secretions (like saliva, mucus) 
• Fluid from blisters or rashes 
• Stool (poop) of an infected person 
• Touching contaminated surfaces or shared items 

Because children often play closely together and may not practice proper hygiene, HFMD spreads easily in group settings.

Common Signs and Symptoms of HFMD

Symptoms of HFMD usually develop 3–6 days after exposure. Early signs often include a mild fever and sore throat, followed by a rash and mouth sores. Here’s what to look for:

• Fever
• Sore throat
• Painful mouth sores
• Skin rash on palms, soles of the feet, or buttocks
• Loss of appetite
• General feeling of unwellness (malaise)

The mouth sores and rashes can be uncomfortable, which may cause children to eat less or become irritable.

How to Prevent HFMD in Children?

You can take several simple steps to reduce the risk of infection and protect your family:

1. Wash hands frequently with soap and water, especially after diaper changes, using the toilet, or returning from public places like school.

2. Disinfect commonly touched surfaces and shared items, such as toys, doorknobs, and tables.

3. Avoid close contact with someone who is infected—no hugging, kissing, or sharing utensils.

4. Teach proper cough and sneeze etiquette. Cover the mouth and nose, and wash hands immediately after.

5. Boost your child’s immunity through a balanced diet, enough sleep, and daily physical activity.

A Quick Tip Before You Go

If your child starts showing signs of HFMD, act early. Keep them hydrated, ensure they rest, and avoid sending them to school or daycare to prevent spreading the virus. And most importantly, maintain clean hands and surroundings—prevention always starts at home.

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